The article analyses the Czech Republic‘s ability to promote its interests in international organizations (IOs) through its citizens‘ personnel representation. It defines two levels of such ability. First, the selection and preparation, coordination, and use of a state‘s human capital in the IOs. Second, agenda-setting, the presence of a „national perspective“ in the IOs, and the adoption of common objectives of the IOs. The analysis is primarily based on the 46 semi-structured interviews with Czech citizens, current and past employees in selected IOs (European Defence Agency, OSCE, NATO, Council of Europe, International Organization for Migration, OECD) conducted between the years of 2018 and 2019. The Czech case analysis identified several shortcomings in the setting, coordination, and the use of the personnel policy. It confirmed the role of the personnel policy on the state‘s ability to promote its interests in the IOs and showed that success in promoting the interests of the state does not depend so much on the „volume,“ but instead on the „quality“ of personnel representation, and the ability of the state personnel policy to use its citizens in the IOs to achieve its goals.