Miloš Brunclík
Rozpouštěcí právo v ČR v komparativní perspektivě
Dissolution Law in Czech Republic in Comparative Perspective
The article deals with the issue of parliamentary dissolution in European countries in order to provide alternative rules for the dissolution of the Chamber of Deputies in the Czech Republic. The core of the article lies in a comparative analysis of constitutions of European countries in relation to dissolution powers. The analysis uses three criteria to analyze parliamentary dissolution: purpose of dissolution, actors involved in the process and restrictions imposed upon using the dissolution power. Another perspective, which the article adopts, is a classification of European countries according to the role govern- ment has in the parliamentary dissolution.
Pavla Dočekalová
Politický systém Podněsterské moldavské republiky: autoritářský režim v podmínkách de facto státu
Political System of Transnistrian Moldovan Republic: Authoritarian Regime in De Facto State
This article analyses the political system of so called Transnistrian Moldovan Republic (PMR) which is a de facto state lacking international recognition. First, the historical circumstances of PMR ́s establishment and specific characteristics of this de facto state are explained. Second part of this article focuses on the constitutional framework and ex- plains the main institutions and their powers. The third part analyses the political system on the basis of J. J. Linz ́s description of authoritarian regimes – it explains the limited pluralism in PMR, its specific mentality and absence of political mobilization. The article concludes that the current political system of PMR can be classified as authoritarian in the sense of Linz ́s definition.
Karolína Malcová
Švédská cesta vývoje lokální samosprávy: Free commune experiment
Swedish Trajectory of Local Government Development: Free commune experiment
The article provides a qualitative analysis of the local government development in Sweden. This case study focuses on the Free Commune Experiment (FCE) and describes particular phases of this project within the time period from 1984 till December 1991, stressing the aspects of decentralization and deregulation. It particularly deals with a right to establish a more flexible structure of the municipal committees and authorities which were granted a permission to be exempted from central government regulations, thus avoiding the excessive burden to the optimal adjustment to local needs. The article also mentions facts that initiated the FCE project, analyzes the FCE structure and gives an overview of its results, covering the parlous issues of the process.
Jan Kouřil, Eva Pavlová
Katalánské regionální volby 2010
Catalonian Regional Election 2010
The extensive financial crisis together with a definitive refusal of the Catalonian Statute of Autonomy shortly before the Catalonian election has created an environment favor- able to appeals for greater independence for Catalonia. After years of electoral decre- ments the Catalan nationalist coalition Convergence and Union overwhelmingly won the autonomous election of 2010. The success of the CiU was accompanied by the appear- ance of a wide range of new catalanist parties as well as a significant loss of votes for the leftist government, blamed for their fiscal policy of placating the National Government in Madrid. This article emphasizes that the election of 2010 slightly differs from all previous autonomous elections in Catalonia. What are the reasons for this turnaround? We con- sider more carefully the results of the 2010 elections by employing measures of electoral volatility, index of competitiveness, index of the regional vote, area of (super)electoral support and index of electoral stability.
Petr Bláha
Patrick McEachern: Inside the Red Box: North Korea’s Post-totalitarian Politics
Jitka Gelnarová
Marián Sekerák
Viera Žúborová
Marketizácia vonkajšej reklamy v parlamentných voľbách 2010 v Slovenskej republike
Marketization of Outdoor Advertising in the 2010 Parliamentary Elections in the Slovak Republic
The study being presented concerns the parliamentary elections in Slovak republic, held on the 12th of July 2010. It focuses on an impact and status of political marketing in party system of Slovak republic. The content of study concerns also the research how much are the political parties able to use this status on the electoral and political market. It explains an approach of an address of the particular political party’s status and the position in the political spectrum, hitherto the use of marketing tools and methods have an influence to. Therefore those poli- tical parties being in stable position on the political spectrum are able to use the marketing methods and tools during the election campaigns in more successful merit.
Jan Záhořík
Etiopie a otázka národní identity: Přihlédnutí k ústavám z let 1931, 1955, 1987 a 1994
Ethiopia and the Question of National Identity: Reflections on the Constitutions of 1931, 1955, 1987 and 1994
In last two decades, a public as well as academic discourse in Ethiopia has been largely influenced by redefinition of Ethiopia’s history which in the 1994 constitution gave broad rights to minorities and ethnic groups. Since that time, we usually speak about the so- -called ethnic federalism as a specific political organization of the state where ethnicity is the main factor of mobilization and source of identification. Unfortunately, both the government and certain opposition groups including the diaspora contributed to an at- mosphere of extremely politicized ethnicity. The aim of this study is to analyze the process of the formation of the contemporary Ethiopian state in three stages, from Imperial times through Socialism until ethnic federalism with special focus on the issue of ethnic and na- tional identities. The main argument of the text is that the Ethiopian constitutions, which are used here as the main sources, dealing with national/ethnic identities and minority rights were all used or abused by consecutive governments in order to legitimize their rule while in reality the main principles of the constitutions were largely ill-treated.
Nikola Musilová
Sbor volitelů USA: historický vývoj a současná aplikace se zaměřením na jeho reformní alternativy
The US Electoral College: Historical Development and Current Application with a Focus on Reform Alternatives
This article deals with the U.S. Electoral College and its role in U.S. presidential elections, including its constitutional origins, evolution and current workings. It aims to evaluate and analyze the possible positive or negative results the system produces.
It also analyzes the possible reform alternatives of the Electoral College, both in general terms and by making a comparison of the five most common reform alternatives that have been proposed: national popular vote, district system, proportional allocation of electors, National Popular Vote Interstate Compact and reform of the allocation of elec- tors in the state of Colorado after its approval though ballot initiative. The last two al- ternatives of electoral reform were introduced and actively pursued in the last ten years, they are therefore an issue of a great importance and very also actual.
Mariana Novotná Nachtigallová
Venezuelská zahraniční politika: zdroj vnitropolitické legitimizace?
Venezuelan Foreign Policy: a Source of Domestic Political Legitimation?
The study aims at demonstrating changes in the foreign policy of Venezuela and its links to the new regime legitimacy. The analysis focuses on 4 aspects of internal politics: nati- onal economic interests, national noneconomic interests (national identity, sovereignty, regional leadership), relations between politicians and military forces, definition of ene- my. The fact that those criteria or aspects are mutually interlinked is taken into account. Specific steps in the field of Venezuelan foreign policy are described, analyzed and inter- preted with regard to above defined aspects. Arguments resulting out of the analysis reflect to what extent the specific foreign activities correspond to mid-term or long-term national interests of Venezuela. Or if they rather help to legitimize the new regime or support the internal position of the president Chávez. The main conclusions states the increasing intensity of foreign policy activities aiming at legitimization of the new regime and supporting internal position of the president and decreasing intensity of activities aiming at mid-term and long-term interests of Venezuela.
Michel Perottino
Několik poznámek k výměně lídra Národní Fronty ve Francii
A Few Remarks on the Change of Leader of the National Front in France
Daniel Klimovský
Projekt POL-LOC: Príprava významného medzinárodného podujatia
POL-LOC Project: Preparation of a Major International Event
Dan Ryšavý
On Kamil Švec's Article "Analysis of Elections to Regional Councils in 2008 in the Context of the Theory of Coalitions and a Comparison with the Elections in 2000 and 2004"
Aleš Balcar
Pavla Dočekalová
Jan Jüptner
Zdeněk Nešpor, Dušan Lužný: Sociologie náboženství
Věra Kotábová
Michel Perottino
Jan Bureš, Jakub Charvát, Petr Just a kol.: Levice v České republice a na Slovensku 1989-2009
